CSQL Startup Options

To display the option list in the prompt, execute the csql utility without specifying the database name as follows:

% csql
interactive SQL utility, version R2.0
usage: csql [OPTION] database-name valid options:
  -S, --SA-mode                standalone mode execution
  -C, --CS-mode                client-server mode execution
  -u, --user=ARG               alternate user name
  -p, --pasword=ARG            password string, give "" for none
  -e, --error-continue         don't exit on statement error
  -i, --input-file=ARG         input-file-name
  -o, --output-file=ARG        output-file-name
  -s, --single-line            single line oriented execution
  -c, --command=ARG            CSQL-commands
  -l, --line-output            display each value in a line
  -r, --read-only              read-only mode
      --no-auto-commit         disable auto commit mode execution
      --no-pager               do not use pager

Options

The following table lists the options that can be issued with the csql utility.

• Executing in a standalone mode (-S)
• The following is an example to connect to the demodb database in a standalone mode and execute the csql utility with the -S option. When you want to use the demodb database exclusively, use the -S option. 

csql -S demodb

• Executing in a client/server mode (-C)
• The following is an example to connect to the demodb database in a client/server mode and execute the csql utility with the -C option. In an environment where multiple clients connect to the demodb database, use the -C option. Even when you connect to a database on a remote host in a client/server mode, the error log created during the csql utility execution will be saved in the cub_client.err file on the local host. 

csql -C demodb

• Specifying the name of the input file to use in a batch mode (-i)
• The following is an example to specify the name of the input file that will be used in a batch mode with the -i option. In the infile file, more than one SQL statement are saved. Without the -i option specified, the CSQL Interpreter will run in an interactive mode. 

csql -i infile demodb

• Specifying the output file to save the execution results (-o)
• The following is an example to save the execution results to the specified file instead of displaying on the screen with the -o option. This option is useful when you want to retrieve the results of the query performed by the CSQL Interpreter at a later time. 

csql -o outfile demodb

• Specifying the user name (-u)
• The following is an example to specify the name of the user that will connect to the specified database with the -u option. If the -u option is not specified, PUBLIC that has the lowest level of authorization will be specified as a user. If the user name is not valid, an error message is displayed and the csql utility is terminated. If there is a password for the user name you specify, you will be prompted to enter the password. 

csql -u DBA demodb

• Specifying the user password (-p)
• The following is an example to enter the password of the user specified with the -p option. Especially since there is no prompt to enter a password for the user you specify in a batch mode, you must enter the password using the -p option. When you enter an incorrect password, an error message is displayed and the csql utility is terminated. 

csql -u DBA -p *** demodb

• Executing SQL statements one by one (-s)
• The following is an example to execute SQL statements one by one with the -s option. Use this option when you want to allocate less memory for the query execution. Multiple SQL statements are separated by semicolons (;). 

csql -s -i infile demodb

• Executing SQL statements directly from the shell (-c)
• The following is an example to execute more than one SQL statement from the shell with the -c option. Multiple statements are separated by semicolons (;). 

csql -c "select * from olympic;select * from stadium" demodb

• Displaying the results in a line format (-l)
• The following is an example to display the execution results of the SQL statement in a line format with the -l option. The execution results will be output in a column format if the -l option is not specified. 

csql -l demodb

• Continuing the execution even with an error (-e)
• The following is an example to continue to execute subsequent SQL statements even when a syntax error or a runtime error occurs in a previous SQL statement by using the -e option. When there is an error in the SQL statement, the database will be terminated even though the -e option is specified. 

csql -e demodb

• Connecting to a database in read-only mode (-r)
• The following is an example to connect to a database in read-only mode by using the -r option. Creating a table or manipulating data is not allowed; only retrieving data is allowed. 

csql -r demodb

• No auto-commit mode (--no-auto-commit)
• The following is an example to stop the auto-commit mode with the --no-auto-commit option. If you don't configure --no-auto-commit option, the CSQL Interpreter runs in an auto-commit mode by default, and the SQL statement is committed automatically at every execution. Executing the ;AUtocommit session command after starting the CSQL Interpreter will also have the same result. 

csql --no-auto-commit demodb

• Displaying all the execution results at once (--no-pager)
• The following is an example to display the execution results by the CSQL Interpreter at once instead of page-by-page with the --no-pager option. The results will be output page-by-page if --no-pager option is not specified. 

csql --no-pager demodb